What is an Energy Performance Certificate?

An Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) is a legally valid document that rates a property’s energy efficiency on a scale from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient). It shows how energy-efficient a property is based on its fabric and services — including heating systems, insulation, windows, lighting and hot water.

EPCs are produced by accredited Domestic Energy Assessors (DEAs) following a physical survey. Every certificate is lodged on the government’s national EPC register and is valid for 10 years.

Who legally needs an EPC?

In England and Wales, an EPC is required by law in the following situations:

• Selling a home — an EPC must be commissioned before marketing begins
• Renting a property — required before showing it to prospective tenants
• New build properties — required on completion before occupation
• energy improvement schemes or certain government energy grant schemes
• Feed-in Tariff and renewable energy schemes that require a minimum rating

Properties that are exempt

• Listed buildings where compliance would unacceptably alter their character
• Temporary buildings intended to be used for fewer than 2 years
• Holiday lets rented for fewer than 4 months per year under a licence to occupy
• Residential buildings used less than 4 months a year

Rental properties — EPC requirements for landlords

EPC requirements for landlords are set out in the Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards (MEES) Regulations and are among the most strictly enforced in the sector.

The MEES timeline

Date	Requirement	Applies to
April 2018	Minimum EPC rating of E	New tenancies and renewals
April 2020	Minimum EPC rating of E	All existing tenancies
Proposed future date	Minimum EPC rating of C	New tenancies (under consultation)

Landlord exemptions

How does an EPC assessment work?

Getting an EPC is straightforward. I visit the property and carry out a non-intrusive survey, typically lasting 30–60 minutes. During the visit I assess:

• Wall construction type and insulation
• Roof and loft insulation
• Window type and glazing
• Main heating system and controls
• Hot water system
• Lighting — energy-efficient fittings
• Any renewable energy systems

After the survey Damian enters all findings into the approved RdSAP software to calculate your energy efficiency rating. You will receive a draft certificate and invoice the same day as the assessment. Once payment is received, the certificate is formally lodged to the national register and your final certificate is issued — typically within 24 hours of the survey.